Application characteristics of Qugu (CV 2) in ancient and modern literature / 中国针灸

To summarize and analyze the clinical application characteristics of Qugu (CV 2) in ancient and modern literature based on data mining technology. The Chinese Medical Code (the 5th edition) was taken as the retrieval source of ancient literature, while the CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were taken as the retrieval source of modern literature. The indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone or with compatible acupoints, compatible acupoints, acupuncture-moxibustion manipulation, etc., were systematically sorted out. As a result, a total of 140 articles of ancient literature were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, profuse vaginal discharge and hernia. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible acupoints were profuse vaginal discharge, stranguria and hernia. Sixty-four acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, bladder meridian and liver meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6); five-shu points were the most used special acupoints, and moxibustion therapy was often used. A total of 73 modern articles were included. The common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used alone were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and chronic prostatitis; the common indications of Qugu (CV 2) used with compatible scupoints were urinary retention, erectile dysfunction and prostatic hyperplasia. Thirty-six acupoints were concurrently used with Qugu (CV 2), Qugu (CV 2) was mainly compatible with acupoints of conception vessel, kidney meridian and spleen meridian, and the high-frequency acupoints included Zhongji (CV 3), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Zusanli (ST 36); front-mu points were the most used special acupoints, and acupuncture therapy was often used. Qugu (CV 2) treats a wide range of diseases in ancient times, the distant treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized; and it mainly treats local diseases in modern times, the nearby treatment effectiveness of acupoints is emphasized.

Cupping Therapy for Diseases: An Overview of Scientific Evidence from 2009 to 2019 / 中国结合医学杂志

Cupping therapy has been accepted worldwide, and many studies have been conducted to reveal its curative effects and mechanisms. To comprehensively evaluate the effect of cupping therapy, database including China Network Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database VIP, Wan Fang Database, Chinese Biomedicine (CBM), PubMed and Web of Science were searched from 2009-2019. We summarized all the meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials and the mechanisms studies of cupping therapy in the previous 10 years, hoping to provide a reference for the clinical applications and studies.

Can Ashi points stimulation have specific effects on shoulder pain? A systematic review of randomized controlled trials / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide an evidence-based overview regarding the efficacy of Ashi points stimulation for the treatment of shoulder pain.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A comprehensive search [PubMed, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chongqing Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP) and Wanfang Database] was conducted to identify randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of Ashi points stimulation for shoulder pain compared with conventional treatment. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. RevMan 5.0 was used for data synthesis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Nine trials were included. Seven studies assessed the effectiveness of Ashi points stimulation on response rate compared with conventional acupuncture. Their results suggested significant effect in favour of Ashi points stimulation [odds ratio (OR): 5.89, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.97 to 11.67, P<0.01, heterogeneity: χ(2) =3.81, P=0.70, I (2) =0% ]. One trial compared Ashi points stimulation with drug therapy. The result showed there was a significantly greater recovery rate in group of Ashi points stimulation (OR: 9.58, 95% CI: 2.69 to 34.12). One trial compared comprehensive treatment on the myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) with no treatment and the result was in favor of MTrPs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ashi points stimulation might be superior to conventional acupuncture, drug therapy and no treatment for shoulder pain. However, due to the low methodological quality of included studies, a firm conclusion could not be reached until further studies of high quality are available.</p>

Study on the Chinese medical syndrome distribution of ulcerative colitis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study on the Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome distribution of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the distribution of CM syndrome types at different staging periods.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2007 to April 2010, 110 UC out- or inpatients at the Department of Digestive Diseases of Guangzhou Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were recruited. The patients' symptoms were calculated. The systematic clustering was used. The symptom was taken as the variable in the clustering. The syndrome types were confirmed according to the clustering results. The syndrome typing was performed and its results were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 64 main symptoms in UC patients, including diarrhea, mushy stool, watery stool, abdominal pain, and bloody stool. Seventy cases belonged to the active period and 40 to the remission period. The UC syndrome types were sequenced from high to low as the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome, Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome, Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome, Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome, blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome, yin and blood deficiency syndrome. There was statistical difference in the case number among different syndrome types (P < 0.05). In the active period, dominated were the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome (28 cases, 25.5%), Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome (14 cases, 12.7%), and blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome (10 cases, 9.0%). In the remission period, dominated were Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome (18 cases, 16.4%) and Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome (10 cases, 9.0%), showing statistical difference (P<0.05). The typical symptoms of patients of the dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome were sequenced from high to low as yellow tongue fur (31 cases, 28.1%), tenesmus (26 cases, 23.6%), mucopurulent bloody stool (25 cases, 227%), diarrhea (24 cases, 21.8%), anal burning (24 cases, 21.8%), watery stool (21 cases, 19.0%), abdominal pain (19 cases, 17.2%), red tongue (19 cases, 17.2%), and greasy tongue fur (19 cases, 17.2%). The typical symptoms of patients of Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as tastelessness (25 cases, 22.7%), fine pulse (25 cases, 22.7%), pink tongue (22 cases, 20.0%), eructation (21 cases, 19.1%), hypodynamia (21 cases, 19.1%), loss of appetite (20 cases, 18.2%), and white tongue fur (20 cases, 18.2%). The typical symptoms of patients of Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as abdominal pain (17 cases, 15. 5%), preference for warmth (17 cases, 15. 5%), diarrhea (16 cases, 14.5%), aggravation while encountering cold (15 cases, 13.6%), white tongue fur (15 cases, 13.6%), pale white tongue (14 cases, 12.7%). The typical symptoms of patients of Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome were sequenced from high to low as emotions inducing (18 cases, 16.4%), eructation (16 cases, 14.5%), white tongue coating (16 cases, 14.5%), dry stool before loose stool (15 cases, 13.6%), frequent break wind (15 cases, 13.6%), and frequent sigh (15 cases, 13.6%). The typical symptoms of patients of blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome were sequenced from high to low as abdominal pain (12 cases, 10.9%), sting (12 cases, 10.9%), soreness of the waist (12 cases, 10.9%), dark red tongue with petechiae (12 cases, 10.9%), thick fur (12 cases, 10.9%). There was statistical difference in the symptom ratio among each syndrome types (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in other symptoms except yin and blood deficiency syndrome (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The dampness-heat of Dachang syndrome, Gan depression and Pi deficiency syndrome, and blood stasis in the intestinal collaterals syndrome were dominated in the UC active period. Pi-Wei qi deficiency syndrome and Pi-Shen yang deficiency syndrome were dominated in the remission period.</p>

Efficacy observation on the needling depth recorded in Lingshu (Miraculous Pivot) for irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy of the needling depth recorded in Lingshu (Miraculous Pivot) for irritable bowel syndrome of diarrhea (IBS-D) in Germany.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With the needling technique recorded in Lingshu: Jingshui (Miraculous Pivot: Meridian Water), 21 cases of IBSD were treated with acupuncture at Zhangmen(lR 13), Zhongwan(CV 12), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan(CV 4), Qimen (LR 14), Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Yinlingquan(SP 9), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3), 0. 1-0. 6 cun (2-12 mm) in depth. Even needling technique was applied. The treatment was given 2-3 times each week, and 8 treatments made one session. The efficacy and the scale for the severity degree of symptom (IBS-SSS) were observed in 1-2 sessions of treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate was 52.4% (11/21) in the 1st session and was 90.5% (19/21) in the 2nd session. The efficacy in the 2nd session was superior to that in the 1st session (P < 0.05). IBS-SSS was 143.58 +/- 70.15 in the 1st session and was 115.98 +/- 72.68 in the 2nd session, all reduced obviously as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.01). The reducing degree in the 2nd session was much remarkable than that in the 1st session (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The better clinical efficacy has been achieved for IBS-D treated with needling depth recorded in Lingshu (Miraculous Pivot) in Germany. The longer session of treatment is, the better efficacy is obtained.</p>

Effects of Changyanqing decoction on the expressions of interleukin-10 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in rats with ulcerative colitis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Changyanqing decoction, a traditional Chinese medicinal preparation, on the expressions of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the colon mucosa of rats with ulcerative colitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rats with ulcerative colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid and ethanol enema were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the model group, sulfasalazine (SASP) group, and Changyanqing decoction group. Daily treatment with intragastric administration and enema of normal saline, SASP (100 mg/kg), and Changyanqing decoction (39.75 mg/kg), respectively, were administered 24 h after the establishment of colitis till the end of the experiment. Another group of rats was used as the normal control group. The disease activity index (DAI) and colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) of the rats were calculated. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was measured by biochemical method, and the expressions of IL-10 and ICAM-1 protein were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the normal group, the model group showed significantly increased DAI, CMDI, HS score and MPO activity in the colon tissues (P < 0.01), with also significantly increased expression of ICAM-1 (P < 0.01) and decreased expression of IL-10 in the rat colon mucosa (P < 0.01). Treatment with Changyanqing decoction resulted in a significant reduction in DAI, CMDI, HS score and MPO activity (P < 0.01), and decreased the expression of ICAM-1 (P < 0.01) and increased the expression of IL-10 (P < 0.01) in the colon mucosa. The expression of ICAM-1 in the colon mucosa was positively correlated to that of IL-10 (r = 0.927, P < 0.01) and the activity of MPO (r = 0.621, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Changyanqing decoction has protective effect against rat ulcerative colitis, mediated probably by enhancement of IL-10 expression and reduction in ICAM-1 expression and neutrophil infiltration.</p>